The artist is Savinov
The work of the Bolsheviks in the soldier’s and officer environment on the eve of the October Revolution was aimed at decomposing the old army, which, according to the idea of Karl Marx, was supposed to replace the universal weapons of the people after the victory of the revolution. However, hopes for the loyalty of the masses and their ability to self -organization were exaggerated. Very soon, the Bolshevik government, in order to maintain power, was put to the need to create regular troops. To manage the creation of the Workers ‘and Peasants’ Red Army, the Council of People’s Commissars established the All-Russian College from party workers and famous military commissars.
Savinov’s picture was a government order for the exhibition “15 years of the Red Army”. Working on a complex, multi -figure composition, the artist carefully studied documentary and iconographic material, met with n. AND. Podvoysky, one of the participants in the historical meeting, and even built a special layout. The result was a monumental work, absolutely alien to official ceremonial and filled with the harsh truth of life.
Among the depicted, in addition to the pre -narcomus in. AND. Lenin, and. IN. Stalin – People’s Commissar for Nationalities, and. IN. Lunacharsky – People’s Commissar of Education, p. E. Dybenko – People’s Commissar for Naval Affairs, to. E. Voroshilov – Chairman of the Cheka for the Protection of Petrograd, N. E. Podvoisky – People’s Commissar for Military Affairs, n. IN. Krylenko – member of the Committee on Military and Naval Affairs, R. WITH. Countrywoman – member of the Central Committee of the CPSU (b), in. A. Avanesov – Secretary of the All -Russian Central Executive Committee, p. P. Shytyan – People’s Commissar of Posts and Telegraph, I. M. Sverdlov – Chairman of the All -Russian Central Executive Committee, g. TO. Ordzhonikidze – temporary emergency commissar in Ukraine and others. The composition of the meeting participants, most likely, was partially adjusted by the customer in accordance with the current political situation. (A. D., E. L., IN. U.)
Civil War
Having seized power in Russia, the Bolsheviks were not going to share it with anyone. This predetermined the inevitability of the Civil War (1918–1922/23), which was a chain of armed conflicts between various political, ethnic and social groups in the vast territory of the former Russian Empire. At the same time, the main struggle for power was conducted between the Red Army of the Bolsheviks and the armed forces of the White movement, the victims of the victims ultimately. The day of the creation of the worker-peasant Red Army is considered to be February 23, 1918, when the appeal of the “Socialist Fatherland in danger” was published in the face of the German offensive and the accelerated creation of combat-ready detachments began. At the heart of the formation of the Red Army, according to the decree of the Moscow City Council on the Workers ‘and Peasants’ Red Army dated January 15/28, signed in. AND. Lenin, lay a volunteer principle. But already on May 29, when the Civil War in Russia became a harsh reality, the Resolution of the All -Russian Central Executive Committee on forced recruitment in the army was issued, and general mobilization began. (T. H.)
Right below: A. Savinov Leningrad 21/IV 1935.
Electronic catalog “Heroes and villains of Russian history”. SPb, 2010. WITH. 391.
The decree on the creation of the Workers ‘and Peasants’ Red Army was adopted on January 15 (28) 1918. In Petrograd. Cm. The text of the document on the Vikite.
